在醫(yī)院的設(shè)備科，內(nèi)窺鏡維修師是“器械醫(yī)生”——他們手中的內(nèi)窺鏡，既能深入人體探查病灶，也可能因一次意外跌落就“罷工”。從筷子粗細(xì)的胃鏡到蛇形關(guān)節(jié)的胸腔鏡，每一種內(nèi)窺鏡的“病況”都藏著獨(dú)特的維修密碼。

　　In the equipment department of the hospital, endoscope maintenance technicians are "instrument doctors" - the endoscopes in their hands can not only penetrate deep into the human body to explore lesions, but may also "strike" due to an accidental fall. From chopstick sized gastroscopes to snake shaped thoracoscopes, each type of endoscope has a unique repair code hidden in its "condition".

　　一、光學(xué)系統(tǒng)“視網(wǎng)膜修復(fù)”

　　1、 Optical system for retinal repair

　　鏡頭除霧術(shù)：

　　Lens defogging technique:

　　先用顯微鏡觀察物鏡組，若發(fā)現(xiàn)水漬狀陰影，需拆解鏡頭組，用異丙醇+乙醚混合液浸泡清洗。

　　First, observe the objective lens group under a microscope. If water stains or shadows are found, disassemble the lens group and soak it in a mixture of isopropanol and ether for cleaning.

　　高端內(nèi)窺鏡配備“自加熱除霧”功能，維修時(shí)需用示波器檢測(cè)加熱絲電阻，誤差＞5%即需更換。

　　High end endoscopes are equipped with a "self heating defogging" function. During maintenance, an oscilloscope is needed to detect the resistance of the heating wire. If the error is greater than 5%, it needs to be replaced.

　　光纖斷裂重生：

　　Fiber optic fracture regeneration:

　　傳像束斷裂是常見(jiàn)“絕癥”，需用光纖切割刀制備新端面，再通過(guò)光學(xué)膠粘接，損耗率需控制在10%以內(nèi)。

　　The breakage of the transmission beam is a common "terminal disease", which requires a fiber optic cutting knife to prepare a new end face, and then bonding it with optical adhesive. The loss rate needs to be controlled within 10%.

　　案例：某根傳像束斷裂50%，維修后分辨率從1080P降至720P，直接報(bào)廢。

　　Case: A certain image transmission bundle broke by 50%, and after repair, the resolution decreased from 1080P to 720P, and it was directly scrapped.

　　CCD/CMOS“換眼手術(shù)”：

　　CCD/CMOS "Eye Replacement Surgery":

　　拆解內(nèi)窺鏡先端部，用熱風(fēng)槍加熱傳感器排線，力度過(guò)大易撕裂柔性電路板。

　　Disassemble the tip of the endoscope and heat the sensor cable with a hot air gun. Excessive force can easily tear the flexible circuit board.

　　新傳感器需用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)色卡校準(zhǔn)，色溫偏差＞200K會(huì)導(dǎo)致圖像偏色。

　　The new sensor needs to be calibrated with a standard color card, and a color temperature deviation greater than 200K will cause image color deviation.

　　二、機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)“關(guān)節(jié)復(fù)位”

　　2、 Mechanical structure "joint reduction"

　　彎曲蛇骨“正骨”：

　　Curved snake bone "orthopedics":

　　胸腔鏡蛇形關(guān)節(jié)卡頓？需用內(nèi)窺鏡專用潤(rùn)滑脂，粘度需控制在100-150cst之間。

　　Is the snake joint stuck during thoracoscopy? Special lubricating grease for endoscopes is required, with viscosity controlled between 100-150cst.

　　鋼絲繩斷裂是“高發(fā)傷”，更換時(shí)需保持預(yù)緊力，否則彎曲角度會(huì)偏差15°以上。

　　Wire rope breakage is a "high incidence of injury", and it is necessary to maintain pre tension when replacing it, otherwise the bending angle will deviate by more than 15 °.

　　插入管“植皮術(shù)”：

　　Inserting a tube for skin grafting:

　　外皮破損易引發(fā)“交叉感染”，需用醫(yī)用級(jí)聚氨酯熱縮管修補(bǔ)，耐酒精擦拭次數(shù)需＞500次。

　　Damaged outer skin can easily cause "cross infection" and requires repair with medical grade polyurethane heat shrink tubing. Alcohol resistant wiping should be done more than 500 times.

　　案例：某根插入管修補(bǔ)后，耐彎曲次數(shù)從2萬(wàn)次驟降至5千次，最終整體更換。

　　Case: After repairing a certain insertion tube, its bending resistance dropped sharply from 20000 times to 5000 times, and it was eventually replaced as a whole.

　　先端部“微整形”：

　　Micro shaping of the tip:

　　先端部撞擊變形？需用精密夾具固定，再用0.1mm精度砂輪打磨，誤差＞0.05mm會(huì)戳傷組織。

　　Deformation caused by impact at the tip? It needs to be fixed with precision fixtures, and then polished with a 0.1mm precision grinding wheel. An error greater than 0.05mm will puncture the tissue.

　　三、電子系統(tǒng)“心臟搭橋”

　　3、 Electronic system 'heart bridge'

　　線纜“通脈”：

　　Cable "pulse":

　　用時(shí)域反射儀（TDR）檢測(cè)信號(hào)線斷點(diǎn)，誤差定位±1cm，開(kāi)刀位置不對(duì)可能“誤傷”其他線路。

　　Use a time domain reflectometer (TDR) to detect signal line breakpoints, with an error positioning of ± 1cm. Incorrect cutting position may "accidentally damage" other lines.

　　高頻信號(hào)線需用同軸電纜替換，特性阻抗需嚴(yán)格匹配50Ω，否則圖像會(huì)出現(xiàn)“重影”。

　　The high-frequency signal line needs to be replaced with coaxial cable, and the characteristic impedance needs to be strictly matched with 50 Ω, otherwise the image will show "ghosting".

　　主板“換芯”：

　　Motherboard "chip replacement":

　　用熱風(fēng)槍拆解BGA芯片，溫度需精準(zhǔn)控制在260±5℃，過(guò)高會(huì)“燙傷”焊盤。

　　Disassemble BGA chips with a hot air gun, and the temperature should be precisely controlled at 260 ± 5 ℃. If it is too high, it will "burn" the solder pads.

　　新芯片需刷寫對(duì)應(yīng)固件，版本不匹配會(huì)導(dǎo)致設(shè)備“變磚”。

　　The new chip needs to flash the corresponding firmware, and version mismatch can cause the device to 'brick'.

　　光源“續(xù)命”：

　　Light source "life extension":

　　氙燈老化？需用光譜儀檢測(cè)色溫，低于6000K必須更換，否則會(huì)影響醫(yī)生判斷組織顏色。

　　Xenon lamp aging? It is necessary to use a spectrometer to detect color temperature. If it is below 6000K, it must be replaced, otherwise it will affect the doctor's judgment of tissue color.

　　LED光源維修更簡(jiǎn)單，但需注意驅(qū)動(dòng)電流，超過(guò)額定值10%壽命減半。

　　LED light source maintenance is simpler, but attention should be paid to the driving current. If it exceeds the rated value by 10%, the lifespan will be halved.

　　四、特殊維修“黑科技”

　　4、 Special maintenance "black technology"

　　氣密性“體檢”：

　　Airtightness "physical examination":

　　用氦質(zhì)譜檢漏儀檢測(cè)內(nèi)窺鏡氣密性，漏率＞1×10^-6Pa·m?/s即判定“溺水”。

　　Using a helium mass spectrometer leak detector to detect the airtightness of an endoscope, with a leakage rate greater than 1 × 10 ^ -6Pa · m? /S is judged as' drowning '.

　　維修后需做“水壓試驗(yàn)”，0.2MPa壓力下保持30分鐘不滲水才算合格。

　　After maintenance, a "water pressure test" is required, and it is considered qualified if there is no water leakage for 30 minutes under a pressure of 0.2MPa.

　　超聲清洗“排毒”：

　　Ultrasonic cleaning for detoxification:

　　生物污染內(nèi)窺鏡需用酶洗液+超聲清洗，頻率40kHz最佳，既能去污又不傷光學(xué)元件。

　　Biological contaminated endoscopes need to be cleaned with enzyme wash solution and ultrasound, with a frequency of 40kHz being optimal, which can remove dirt without damaging optical components.

　　案例：某根內(nèi)窺鏡因未徹底清洗，導(dǎo)致后續(xù)患者交叉感染，維修廠賠付上百萬(wàn)。

　　Case: A certain endoscope was not thoroughly cleaned, resulting in cross infection among subsequent patients, and the repair shop compensated millions.

　　老化測(cè)試“煉獄”：

　　Aging test 'purgatory':

　　維修后需模擬臨床使用，連續(xù)彎曲5000次、高溫高濕（40℃/90%RH）環(huán)境下運(yùn)行24小時(shí)。

　　After maintenance, it is necessary to simulate clinical use by continuously bending 5000 times and running for 24 hours in a high temperature and high humidity (40 ℃/90% RH) environment.

　　高端設(shè)備還需做“跌落測(cè)試”，1米高度自由落體到硬質(zhì)地面，功能正常才算過(guò)關(guān)。

　　High end devices also need to undergo a 'drop test', where they can freely fall from a height of 1 meter to a hard ground and function normally before passing the test.

　　五、維修避坑“紅寶書”

　　5、 Repair and avoid pitfalls with the 'Red Treasure Book'

　　“小病大修”陷阱：

　　The trap of 'minor illness overhaul':

　　鏡頭起霧？先嘗試除霧程序，80%的“病情”能緩解，直接換鏡頭組成本翻5倍。

　　Is the camera fogging up? First, try the defogging program. 80% of the "illness" can be relieved, and simply change the lens to make up this 5x zoom.

　　“李鬼”配件識(shí)別：

　　Identification of "Li Gui" accessories:

　　傳像束看切割角度，原廠件呈45°斜面，副廠件多為90°直角，影響成像清晰度。

　　According to the cutting angle of the transmission beam, the original parts are inclined at a 45 ° angle, while the secondary parts are mostly at a 90 ° right angle, which affects the clarity of the imaging.

　　維修記錄“溯源”：

　　Traceability of maintenance records:

　　要求維修廠提供“病歷本”，記錄故障代碼、更換配件編號(hào)，便于后續(xù)追溯。

　　Request the repair shop to provide a "medical record book" to record fault codes and replacement part numbers for easy traceability in the future.

　　在內(nèi)窺鏡維修師眼中，沒(méi)有“報(bào)廢”的設(shè)備，只有未被開(kāi)發(fā)的潛能。記?。好恳淮尉珳?zhǔn)的維修，都是對(duì)生命的敬畏。下次再看到“手術(shù)成功”四個(gè)字時(shí)，不妨想想那些在幕后“救死扶傷”的維修師——他們手中的螺絲刀，同樣在守護(hù)著生命的尊嚴(yán)。

　　In the eyes of an endoscope repairman, there are no "scrapped" devices, only untapped potential. Remember: every precise repair is a reverence for life. The next time you see the four words' successful surgery ', you may want to think of the repairman behind the scenes who' saves lives and helps the injured '- the screwdriver in their hand, also guarding the dignity of life.

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